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  • Basic Metals & Alloys : Properties and Applications
    • Manufacturing Engineering
    • Manufacturing Process
    • Product Simplification and Standardisation
    • Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM)
    • Product Development
    • Material Properties
    • Toughness and Ductility
    • Torsion
    • Fatigue and Creep
    • Ferrous Metals
    • Cast Iron
    • White cast iron
    • Malleable cast iron
    • Wrought Iron
    • Plain carbon steel
    • Heat resisting steels
    • Non-Ferrous metals
    • Brasses
    • Bronzes
    • Nickel and its Alloy
    • Transformation During Heating and Cooling of Steel
    • Normalizing and Annealing
    • Hardning and Tempring
    • Hot chamber die-casting

  • Introduction to Metal Forming & Casting Process and its applications
    • Introduction of Casting
    • Permanent Mold or Gravity Die Casting
    • Shell Mold Casting
    • Probable Causes and Suggested remedies of Various Casting Defects
    • Plastic Molding Processes
    • Introduction of forging
    • Forgeability and Forgable Matrials
    • Heating Devices
    • Open fire and stock fire furnace
    • Control of Heating Devices
    • Forging Operations
    • Hot Working of Metals
    • Hot Working
    • Classification of Hot Working Processes
    • Hot Extrusion
    • Hot Drawing and Hot Spinning
    • Comparison of Hot Working with Cold Working
    • Cold Working
    • Cold Working Process
    • Wire Drawing

  • Introduction to Machining & Welding and its applications
    • introduction to metal cutting
    • Cutting Tool
    • Mechanics of Metal Cutting
    • Introduction to Lathe Machine
    • Construction of Lathe Machine
    • Accessories and Attachments of Lathe
    • Specification of Lathe
    • Lathe Operations
    • Taper and Tapers Turning
    • Thread Cutting
    • Introduction to Drilling Machine
    • Types of Drilling Machine
    • Types of Drills
    • Twist Drill Geometry
    • Operations Performed on Drilling Machine
    • Operations Performed on Drilling Machine-Tapping
    • Shaper
    • Types of Shapers
    • Principal Parts of Shaper
    • Specification of a Shaper
    • Shaper Operations
    • Planer
    • Principle parts of a Slotter
    • Introduction to Milling
    • Types of Milling Cutters
    • Types of Milling Machines
    • Column and Knee Type Milling Machine
    • Indexing and Dividing Heads
    • Introduction to Welding
    • Welding joints
    • Welding Positions
    • Classification of Welding and Allied Processes
    • Gas Welding Processes
    • Gas Welding Equipments
    • Arc Welding Processes
    • Arc Welding Equipment
    • Resistance Welding
    • Resistance Seam Welding
    • Brazing

  • Manufacturing and Non-Metallic Materials
    • Plant layout
    • Types of Layouts
    • Line or Product Layout
    • Comparison of Line or Product Layout and Process or Functional Layout
    • Hard and Soft Wood
    • Felling, Conversion and Seasoning of Wood
    • Defects in Timber
    • Characteristics of a Good Timber
    • Ceramics materials
    • Powder-metallurgy process
    • Characteristic of Metal Powders
    • Advantages of powder Metallurgy
    • Electroplating
    • Galvanization
    • Plastics
    • Comparison Between Thermo Plastic and Thermosetting Plastic

Branch : First Year-Engineering Syllabus
Subject : Basic Manufacturing Process
Unit : Introduction to Machining & Welding and its applications

introduction to metal cutting


introduction to metal cutting: Metal cutting or traditional machining processes are also known as conventional machining processes. These processes are commonly carried out in machine shops or tool room for machining a cylindrical or flat jobs to a desired shape, size and finish on a rough block of job material with the help of a wedge shaped tool. The cutting tool is constrained to move relative to the job in such a way that a layer of metal is removed in the form of a chip. General metal cutting operations are shown in Fig. 1. These machining processes are performed on metal cutting machines, more commonly termed as machine tools using various types of cutting tools (single or multi-point). A machine tool is a power driven metal cutting machine which assist in managing the needed relative motion between cutting tool and the job that changes the size and shape of the job material. In metal cutting (machining) process, working motion is imparted to the workpiece and cutting tool by the mechanisms of machine tool so that the work and tool travel relative to each other and machine the workpiece material in the form of shavings (or swarf) known as chips.

Fig.1 Metal cutting operation

The machine tools involve various kinds of machines tools commonly named as lathe, shaper, planer, slotter, drilling, milling and grinding machines etc. The machining jobs are mainly of two types namely cylindrical and flats or prismatic. Cylindrical jobs are generally machined using lathe, milling, drilling and cylindrical grinding whereas prismatic jobs are machined using shaper, planner, milling, drilling and surface grinding. In metal cutting operation, the position of cutting edge of the cutting tool is important based on which the cutting operation is classified as orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting. Orthogonal cutting (Fig. 2) is also known as two dimensional metal cutting in which the cutting edge is normal to the work piece. In orthogonal cutting no force exists in direction perpendicular to relative motion between tool and work piece. Oblique cutting (Fig. 3) is the common type of three dimensional cutting used in various metal cutting operations in which the cutting action is inclined with the job by a certain angle called the inclination angle.

fig..(2) Orthogonal cutting                Fig. 3 Oblique cutting

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