Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation
Are you learning about electronics measurements and instrumentation? There are complete chapters on the topic which covers full syllabus on electronics and communication engineering.
Unitdimensions and standards
Cathode ray oscilloscope
Transistor voltmeter circuits
Instrument calibration
Voltmeter and ammeter methods
Transducers
- Measurement units
- Measurement system applications
- Elements of a measurement system
- Choosing appropriate measuring instruments
- Active and passive instruments
- Null-type and deflection-type instruments
- Analogue and digital instruments
- Indicating instruments and instruments with a signal output
- Static characteristics of instruments
- Sensitivity to disturbance
- Hysteresis effects
- Dynamic characteristics of instruments
- Zero order instrument
- First order instrument
- Second order instrument
- Necessity for calibration
- Introduction to Errors during the measurement process
- System disturbance due to measurement
- Measurements in electric circuits
- Errors due to environmental inputs
- Connecting leads
- Reduction of systematic errors
- Quantification of systematic errors
- Random errors
- Graphical data analysis techniques – frequency distributions
- Gaussian distribution
- Standard Gaussian tables
- Permanent Magnet Moving Coil Mechanism (PMMC)
- D.C Ammeter
- D.C Voltmeter
- Ohmmeter and Resistance measurement
- Cathode ray oscilloscope
- Cathode ray tube
- Timebase circuit and channel
- Digital storage oscilloscopes
- Sampling Oscilloscope
- Vertical deflection system
- Horizontal Deflection System
- Measurements of Voltage
- Dual Trace Oscilloscopes
- Lissajous Figures
- Phase Measurements by lissajous pattern
- Probes
- Attenuator probes
- Active Probes and Current probes
- Comparison Between Analog And Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
- Digital Storage Oscilloscopes (DSO)
- D’Arsonval meter
- Rectification for an Average Responding Voltmeter
- Average-Responding AC voltmeters
- Form Factor
- Form Factor of a Sawtooth Wave
- True RMS Meters
- Working of True RMS meters
- Electronic Multimeters
- Working of individual Components
- Digital Voltmeters
- Ramp-type DVM
- Staircase-Ramp DVM
- Dual-Slope Converter
- Successive-approximation DVM
- Q-Meter
- Measurement Methods
- Distributed capacitance measurement
- Interfacing resistive transducers to electronic circuits
- Interfacing transducers to electronic control and measuring systems
- Data acquisition systems
- Analog Data Acquisition System
- Digital Data Acquisition System
- Display Devices
- X-Y recorders
- Nixie Tube
- Digital Display Methods
- Liquid crystal Diodes (LCD)
- Light emitting diode
- Signal Generators
- AF Oscillator
- Basic standard signal generator
- Modern Signal Generator
- AF Sine and Square Wave Generator
- Function Generator
- Ammeter
- Voltmeter
- Instrument Transformers
- Transformation ratio
- Current Transformer equivalent circuit
- Current Transformer Basics
- Construction of Current Transformer
- Errors in current transformers
- Testing of Instrument Transformers
- Testing of Current Transformer
- Wheatstone bridge
- Sensitivity of wheatstone bridge
- Galvanometer Current Under Unbalanced Condition
- Wheatstone bridge under small unbalance
- Measurement errors
- Megger
- Bridge in Controlled Circuits
- Introduction to A.C. Bridges
- A.C. Bridges
- Sources and Detectors
- Bridge balance equation
- Maxwell’s Inductance Bridge
- Anderson Bridge
- Hay’s Bridge
- The owen bridge
- Heavisible-campbell equal ratio bridge
- De Sauty Bridge
- Schering bridge
- Wien series bridge
- Shielding and Grounding of Bridges
- Magnetic Measurements
- Ballistic Galvanometer
- B-H Characteristics
- Eddy Current & Hysteresis Losses
- Classification of Transducers
- Resistance transducers
- Capacitance Transducers
- Inductance Transducers
- Voltage and current Transducers
- Active Transducers
- Selecting a transducer
- Factors influencing the choice of a transducer
- Strain gauges
- Gauge factor
- Unbonded Metal Strain Gauge
- Bonded Metal Foil Strain Gauges
- Semiconductor Strain Gauges
- Diffused Strain Gauges
- Displacement Transducer
- Linear Variable Differential Transformer
- Resistive Transducers for Pressure Measurement
- Resistance Thermometers
- Element of a resistance thermometer
- Bridge circuit with resistance thermometer
- Thermistors
- Thermistors for Measurement of Temperature
- Thermocouples
- Thermocouple Error Sources
- Photo-conductive and photo-voltaic cells
- Photoconductive Cells
- V-I characterstics of the photoconductive cell
- Photovoltaic Cells