Machine Design I
INTRODUCTION TO MACHINE DESIGN
DESIGN AGAINST FLUCTUATING LOADS
SHAFTS AND COUPLINGS
SPRINGS AND SCREWS
- Classifications of Machine Design
- General Considerations in Machine Design
- General Procedure in Machine Design
- S.I. Units (International System of Units)
- Force, Absolute and Gravitational Units of Force
- Moment of Force, Couple, Mass Density
- Mass Moment of Inertia
- Torque, Work, Power
- Energy
- Classification, Selection of Materials for Engineering Purposes
- Physical Properties of metals
- Cast Iron
- Effect of Impurities on Cast Iron
- Wrought Iron
- Steel
- Free Cutting Steels
- Alloy Steel
- Indian Standard Designation of Low and Medium Alloy Steels
- Stainless Steel
- Heat Resisting Steels
- High Speed Tool Steels
- Aluminium Alloys
- Copper Alloys
- Rankine's theory
- Guest’s or Tresca’s Theory
- Saint Venant’s Theory
- Haigh’s Theory
- Torsional Shear Stress
- Shafts in Series and Parallel
- Bending Stress in Straight Beams
- Bending Stress in Curved Beams
- Eccentric Loading - Direct and Bending Stresses Combined
- Shear Stresses in Beams
- Load, stress, strain
- Tensile and compressive Stress and Strain
- Shear Stress and Strain
- Shear Modulus or Modulus of Rigidity
- Bearing Stress
- Stress-strain Diagram
- Stresses in Composite Bars
- Stresses due to Change in Temperature—Thermal Stresses, Volumetric Strain
- Bulk Modulus, Relation Between Bulk Modulus and Young’s Modulus, Relation Between Young’s Modulus and Modulus of Rigidity
- Impact Stress
- Resilience
- Hencky and Von Mises Theory
- Selection of Factor of Safety
- Determination of Principal Stresses for a Member Subjected to Bi-axial Stress
- Application of Principal Stresses in Designing Machine Members
- Preferred Numbers
- Calculation of Fundamental Deviation for Holes
- Calculation of Fundamental Deviation for Shafts
- Indian Standard System of Limits and Fits
- Fits, Types of Fits
- Important Terms used in Limit System
- Non-metallic Materials
- Nickel Base Alloys
- Zinc Base Alloys
- Bearing Metals
- Heat Treatment of Steels
- Indian Standard Designation of High Alloy Steels, High Speed Tool Steel
- Eccentric Loaded Riveted Joint
- Methods of Riveting
- Types of Rivet Heads
- Lap Joint and Butt Joint
- Important Terms Used in Riveted Joints
- Caulking and Fullering
- Failures of a Riveted Joint
- Strength of a Riveted Joint
- Design of Boiler Joints
- Design of Longitudinal Butt Joint for a Boiler
- Design of Circumferential Lap Joint for a Boiler
- Lozenge Joint
- Completely Reversed or Cyclic Stresses
- Fatigue and Endurance Limit
- Effect of Loading on Endurance Limit—Load Factor
- Effect of Surface Finish on Endurance Limit—Surface Finish Factor
- Effect of Size on Endurance Limit—Size Factor
- Effect of Miscellaneous Factors on Endurance Limit
- Relation between Endurance Limit and Ultimate Tensile Strength
- Factor of Safety for Fatigue Loading
- Stress Concentration
- Stress Concentration due to Holes and Notches
- Methods of Reducing Stress Concentration
- Factors to be considered while Designing Machine Parts to Avoid Fatigue Failure
- Stress Concentration Factor for Various Machine Members
- Notch Sensitivity
- Combined Steady and Variable Stress
- Gerber Method for Combination of Stresses
- Goodman Method for Combination of Stresses
- Combined Variable Normal Stress and Variable Shear Stress
- Application of Soderberg’s Equation
- Material Used for Shafts
- Manufacturing of Shafts
- Maximum Permissible Working Stresses for Transmission Shafts
- Shafts Subjected to Twisting Moment Only
- Shafts Subjected to Bending Moment Only
- Shafts Subjected to Combined Twisting Moment and Bending Moment
- Shafts Subjected to Fluctuating Loads
- Shafts Subjected to Axial Load in addition to Combined Torsion and Bending Loads
- Design of Shafts on the basis of Rigidity
- Sunk Key
- Saddle keys, Tangent Keys, Round Keys, and Splines
- Forces acting on a Sunk Key
- Strength of a Sunk Key
- Effect of Keyways
- Shaft Coupling
- Sleeve or Muff-coupling
- Clamp or Compression Coupling
- Flange Coupling
- Design of Flange Coupling
- Flexible Coupling
- Bushed-pin Flexible Coupling
- Oldham Coupling
- Universal (or Hooke’s) Coupling
- Soderberg Method for Combination of Stresses
- Types of springs
- Material for Helical Springs
- Standard Size of Spring Wire
- Terms used in Compression Springs
- End Connections for Compression Helical Springs
- End Connections for Tension Helical Springs
- Stresses in Helical Springs of Circular Wire
- Deflection of Helical Springs of Circular Wire
- Buckling of Compression Springs
- Surge in springs
- Stress and Deflection in Helical Springs of Non-circular Wire
- Helical Springs Subjected to Fatigue Loading
- Springs in Series and Parallel
- Concentric or Composite Springs
- Helical Torsion Springs
- Flat Spiral Spring
- Leaf Springs
- Construction of Leaf Spring
- Equalised Stress in Spring Leaves (Nipping)
- Length of Leaf Spring Leaves
- Standard Sizes of Automobile Suspension Springs
- Types of Screw Threads used for Power Screws
- Torque Required to Raise Load by Square Threaded Screws
- Torque Required to Lower Load by Square Threaded Screws
- Efficiency of Square Threaded Screws
- Maximum Efficiency of a Square Threaded Screw
- Efficiency Vs Helix Angle
- Over Hauling and Self Locking Screws
- Efficiency of Self Locking Screws
- Coefficient of Friction
- Acme or Trapezoidal Threads
- Stresses in Power Screws
- Design of Screw Jack
- Differential and Compound Screws